Risk

Correlation

The degree to which two pairs move together, from −1 to +1.

Correlation measures how consistently two instruments move in the same direction over a period. Near +1 they track each other; near −1 they mirror each other; near zero they are broadly independent for that window.

Pairs that share a currency share a driver, so long EUR/USD and long GBP/USD are largely the same bet on dollar weakness. Correlations also rise during stress, which means diversification measured in calm conditions often disappears exactly when it was needed.

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Correlation between pairs — Risk & Position Sizing

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